Partager l'article ! BAC PRO 2009 2010 Anglais: TEXTE DEStINES A L'ORAL DU BAC INDIANS IN AMERICA About half of our country’s 2,500,000 Native American ...
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TEXTE DEStINES A L'ORAL DU BAC
INDIANS IN AMERICA
About half of our country’s 2,500,000 Native Americans live on reservations (réserves) , in conditions that are "four to five decades behind the majority of Americans".
It is impossible to describe the many factors that have created the challenges that Native Americans face today, but the following facts about the most pressing issues
( problèmes pressants) of economics, health, and housing give a hint (esquisser) of what life is like for many of the first
Americans.
Les Indiens en Amérique
A peu près la moitié de nos 2 500 000 américains natifs vivent dans des réserves, dans des conditions que l'on peut considérer comme étant 4 à 5 décades en retard par rapport à la majorité des
américains. Il est impossible de décrire les nombreux facteurs qui ont créé les challenges auxquels les américains natifs ont à faire face, mais les faits suivants à propos des problèmes les plus
pressants relatifs à l'économie, la santé et le logement donnent une image plus précise de ce à quoi ressemble la vie pour les américains de souche.
Typically, Tribal and Federal government are the largest employers. The scarcity (manque) of jobs and lack of
(économie) economic opportunity mean that as many as eight out ten adults on reservations are unemployed. Most people are dependant on welfare
(bien-être/assistance) and other subsistence programs. "More than 40% of families on reservations live below the 1999 federal poverty line". Often, heads of household
(foyer) are forced to leave the reservation to seek work, and grandparents take on the job of raising their grandchildren. In order to survive, extended families pool their
meager (maigres) resources to try and provide for their basic needs.
The remoteness (éloignement) and limited resources of many reservation communities make it difficult to provide (fournir) adequate housing. Both homelessness and
overcrowding (surpeuplement) are chronic problems. Because many families will not turn away any family member who needs a place to stay, it is not uncommon for as many as 25
people to live in a two-bedroom home. The
"The average life expectancy (espérance de vie) for Native Americans as a whole is 55, which is lower than for residents of Bangladesh,". Lack of public health infrastructure and
services contribute to the inadequate health care of many Native Americans living on reservations. "The federal government spends half as much on health programs per tribal member as it does on
health programs for other Americans". The pressure to shift from (changer de) a traditional way of life to a more Western lifestyle has dramatically changed the health
status of the Native people, and created a terrible epidemic of chronic diseases (maladies) such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer. "Indian Elders are 48.7% more likely to
suffer from heart failure, 173% more likely to suffer from diabetes, and 44.3% more likely to (susceptible de) suffer from asthma than the
general population,".
http://www.americanindianchildren.org/living_conditions.html
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